68 YEARS OF RAF MARINE CRAFT SERVICE
On the 31st of March 1986 the RAF Marine Branch was disbanded; the marine craft were handed over to a civilian contractor on the 1st February 1986. Thus ended 68 years of unbroken marine craft service to the RAF. How did it begin?
At the time when the Air Force was formed in 1918, water was thought to provide an ideal flat surface; float planes and sea planes were common and the newly formed RAF inherited many of them from the RNAS, instead of tractors, trucks and trailers boats were necessary to ferry aircrew and servicing teams to and from moorings, to refuel & re-arm the aircraft, and to tow them to and from the slipways. When planes were taxying, taking off and landing, the attendant safety boat was there to clear the water and lay a flare path in darkness; if there was a mishap it rescued the pilot and salvaged the pieces. As take of and landing speeds and distances increased, and as aircraft, including those based inland flew further out to sea, it became clear that the ex-navy boats were too slow and unseaworthy.
Late in 1929, Hubert Scott-Payne, creator of the "Miss Britain" record breaking speed boats of that era,approached Captain Beaufort-Greenwood, father of the Marine Craft Service. As a result a new breed of high speed marine craft was ordered by the Air Ministry; these were fast boats that planed over the waves instead of cutting through them. The prototype Seaplane Tender No: 200 was evaluated by Aircraftsman Shaw aka "Lawrence of Arabia" who was serving at RAF Mount Batten at the time. ( I wonder how many pieces of equipment were evaluated by AC2s. But then how many AC2s had held The Queens Commision in the Army,one asks oneself). The fundamental design concept of the 200 Class seaplane tender was to remain in RAF service for over fifty years. It lead to the design of the ’100 Class’ boats which became famous as the wartime HSL (High Speed Launch) of the Air Sea Rescue Service, capable of operating at long range in open sea conditions.
These boats and their crews contributed to the very frontiers of aeroplane advancement, achievement and exploration in the 1930’s. they tended and supported the float planes which won the Schneider Cup for Great Britain for three years in succession, and the seaplanes which made those pioneering flights across the Atlantic and to Africa, to Australia and the Orient.
The WW2 Years
Few HSLs had been built by the outbreak of war in 1939. The ASR service was not formed until February 1941 when losses of aircrew in the sea averaged 200 per month. Marshal of the Air Force, Sir John Salmond was appointed Director of Aircraft & Aircrew Safety later that year. Despite his muscle at the top, the production of sufficient HSLs for rescue duties was delayed by the Admiralty’s intransigence. ( Procurement problem, the Navy thought that just because it floated, they should have a say! it was because of the Admiralty’s attitude that Scott-Payne upped sticks and moved his design teams to Canada and produced boats over there for the Canadian and US Military as well. The American PT Boats were a Scott-Payne design hull.)
Yet, by 1945 300 HSLs supported by supported by substantial numbers of Pinnaces and Seaplane Tenders modified for the rescue role, and some 4000 marine personnel, were in service at 108 units in the UK and overseas. Although records were not kept in the early part of the war, ASR was accredited with saving well over 13,000 lives. The boats were in the front line an all the amphibious operations from Dunkirk to D-Day. Five seaplane tenders from RAF Calshot took some 500 men off the beaches at Dunkirk; on D-Day,136ASR launches were deployed in the assault area. Throughout the campaign, many boats were deliberately attacked and sunk.
In November1942, in recognition of their work, His majesty king George VI approved the distinguishing shoulder badge to marine craft crews. After the war, in acknowledgement of their operational record, the King granted Royal approval for the designation of sea-going marine craft as His Majesty’s Air Force Vessels’, entitled to wear the Union Flag forward - an honour previously reserved for HM Ships of the Royal Navy alone.
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